Your Questions Answered!
Frequently Asked Hair Testing Questions
Our FAQ section is carefully constructed to provide immediate and exhaustive responses to your questions, ensuring you get precise information without delay.
In cases where your queries surpass the information available in our FAQs, we warmly encourage you to reach out directly via email.
This ensures that your questions are meticulously addressed by our expert forensic team, who offer comprehensive insights, significantly reducing the chance of misunderstandings associated with less direct forms of communication.
For appointment scheduling, you can count on the support of our dedicated administrative team.
Please note in most cases, our team will reference this FAQ page that is readily accessible to you, so if your questions is not answered here email us!
Hair testing General FAQ's
What To Expect When You Attend
We are dedicated to ensuring your initial visit to our clinic is as smooth and comforting as possible. Here’s a checklist to help you prepare:
Hair Requirements: Please ensure your head hair is at least 1-3 cm long for the test. If head hair isn’t available, body hair is also acceptable.
Identification: Bring a valid photo ID, such as a driver’s license or passport. We are unable to conduct tests on individuals who cannot be properly identified.
Reading Glasses: If necessary, bring your reading glasses to comfortably complete the required paperwork.
Payment: Be prepared with your payment, either through personal funds or the payment details of someone covering the costs on your behalf.
Time Allocation: Please allow 15-20 minutes for your appointment to ensure we can thoroughly complete all steps of the process.
Support and Assistance: We recognise the anxiety and stress that can accompany undergoing any form of testing. Rest assured that you will be met with respect and empathy, free from any form of judgment.
Our primary aim is to provide support and assistance throughout your visit, helping you navigate each step with ease and confidence.
What substances are tested?
View our extensive testing capabilities that encompass a broad spectrum of detectable substances in hair samples. Our testing suite covers a vast array of substances, ranging from widely-used drugs and chemicals to rarer compounds.
Our services are meticulously designed to detect various substances, including recreational and prescription drugs (70+), performance-enhancing agents (40+), alcohol, and beyond. Click Here to unveil the complete range of our detection services.
How much does it cost?
Cost-Effective and Non-Intrusive: The Advantages of Hair Testing
Hair testing is recognised not only for its efficiency but also for being a cost-effective solution in the long term.
Unlike multiple urine or blood tests that may be required on short notice over a three-month period, hair testing consolidates these needs into a single, less intrusive appointment.
This approach not only circumvents the inconvenience and potential income loss from attending numerous tests but also eliminates the stress and disruption caused by last-minute scheduling.
Moreover, hair testing offers a more dignified, non-intrusive experience compared to the collection of urine or blood samples.
Its tamper-proof nature further enhances its reliability, providing a secure and comprehensive three-month drug usage overview in one straightforward session.
This convenience, combined with the assurance of tamper resistance, positions hair testing as a superior choice for both accuracy and user comfort.
Embrace Clarity and Transparency in Pricing
Say goodbye to the frustration of unforeseen “additional” charges. Our “full panel” substance testing is not just an option—it’s our baseline promise to you, ensuring a comprehensive examination without any hidden fees or omitted crucial tests.
We’re confident in the value we offer and invite you to compare our rates. You’ll discover our pricing is not only competitive but straightforward—no entanglements or baffling pricing schemes here.
Our pricing model is simple and transparent, tailored to the specific testing and reporting services you need.
For a clear, itemised overview of our costs, please Click Here.
This structured approach ensures that you know exactly what you’re paying for, enhancing your experience with us through clarity and upfront communication.
How long will it take to get my results?
The standard timeline for receiving your hair test results via email is typically 5 to 7 business days from when we receive your hair sample.
Should you require faster processing, we offer an expedited testing service. This involves delivering the hair sample to the forensic lab on the same day it’s collected and requesting the lab team to prioritise your sample.
Please note, this expedited option is not available for tests initiated with a postal kit, as the acceleration process begins only once we have the sample in our possession. While we strive to meet your desired timelines by ensuring the lab receives the sample as swiftly as possible and placing an urgent request on your behalf, we cannot guarantee specific deadlines will be met.
Expedited testing is not available after 5 pm on weekdays or during weekends and public holidays, and it incurs additional fees. To avoid any unforeseen delays, advanced planning is advised for a smooth and efficient testing experience.
How soon after ingestion can substances be detected in a hair sample?
It is generally estimated that substances such as drugs, alcohol, and steroids become detectable in head hair roughly 8-14 days after ingestion. This delay is predominantly due to the time required for the hair to grow above the scalp, allowing the substances to be captured in the hair strands.
Calculating Time Lines For Hair Testing Using Conservative Estimates
To establish approximate timelines for hair testing, it’s important to account for natural variations in hair growth.
On average, head hair grows at an approximate rate of 1 cm per month, but this can range from 0.7 cm to 1.5 cm.
Additionally, 15%-20% of head hair may be in a dormant phase, experiencing no growth.
Due to these factors, pinpointing precise dates of drug or alcohol exposure based solely on hair length is not feasible.
For a more conservative approach in timeline estimation, we recommend using the lower end of the growth spectrum.
For instance, calculating a growth rate of 0.7 cm per month would take approximately 4.3 months to achieve a hair length of 3 cm (0.7cm growth rate x 4.3 months = 3cm).
Please note that body hair typically has a much higher proportion of dormant hair. Therefore, we recommend adding an extra three months as a conservative estimate to account for this when calculating approximate timelines.
Is the laboratory NATA-Accredited?
Our laboratory is accredited by NATA (ISO 17025), the premier National Association of Testing Authorities in Australia, ensuring compliance with high standards of testing quality and reliability. This accreditation signifies our commitment to delivering high-quality, reliable testing services.
CASA Recognition: If you require the test for Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) purposes, we recommend verifying with CASA to ensure our certification aligns with their specific requirements. It’s prudent to confirm this before proceeding to ensure full compliance with CASA’s standards.
International Recognition: For use overseas, it’s important to check with the relevant authorities in your country to determine if our accreditation meets their specific criteria. International standards and acceptance can vary, and direct confirmation from the respective body is advised to ensure the test results will be recognised.
What time periods does hair testing cover?
Head Hair Analysis
Hair testing accurately reflects drug/alcohol/steroid use history up to 6 months (assuming 6cm of hair length is available to test). Since head hair grows approximately 1cm per month, it’s possible to examine individual monthly segments. For a recent three-month analysis, the initial 3cm nearest the scalp is tested; for six months, the next 3cm is analysed.
This process, known as segmental testing, involves evaluating distinct hair lengths separately. To ensure precision, it’s best to predetermine the desired testing period, as longer durations may lead to less accurate results due to hair growth variability and the presence of dormant hair, which makes up 15% to 17% of scalp hair at any time.
For analysing a full 6cm, two 3cm segments are tested individually to avoid diluting drug concentrations over a larger sample. While 1cm or 2cm segments can be used for drug or steroid testing, alcohol testing is optimally conducted on 3cm segments.
Alcohol (EtG) Testing Distinction
It’s crucial to note the specific considerations for EtG (alcohol) testing. Per the Society of Hair Testing (SOHT) guidelines, the most reliable EtG results are obtained from 3 to 6 cm hair segments, a standard not applicable to Drugs of Abuse (DOA) or steroid testing.
Testing EtG in hair shorter than 3 cm may not provide a reliable basis for interpreting results, given the scientific consensus and guidelines favour the 3 to 6 cm range. While EtG testing on 1cm samples is possible, the interpretive challenges of such short segments should be considered. We advise caution with EtG testing on hair shorter than 3 cm due to these potential limitations.
Before proceeding, especially for legal purposes, consult with legal experts to define the necessary timelines. The lab’s fee structure is based on each 3cm of hair length tested, highlighting the importance of clear communication regarding the testing scope.
Body Hair Considerations
The methodology for estimating drug exposure dates from body hair significantly differs from that of head hair, primarily due to body hair’s slower growth rate and higher proportion of dormant (telogen) phase hair.
Each centimetre of body hair can represent up to 4 months of drug exposure, accounting for 1 month of growth plus 3 months of dormancy. Consequently, segmental testing for body hair, which would assess two separate time frames, is not feasible.
Given the complexities associated with body hair timelines and their potential impact on legal matters, head hair is strongly recommended for testing where possible. It’s crucial to discuss these aspects with your legal advisor before undergoing hair testing, as all fees for the service are non-refundable.
Can I still test positive after abstinence?
Yes. Following abstinence drugs, alcohol and/or steroids may remain present in the hair until the hair grows out, falls out or is cut. While it is generally accepted that head hair grows at a rate of 1 cm/month, hair growth rates vary from person to person, hair of different parts of the body grow at variable rates and hair also stops growing for a period of time prior to falling out confounding results in some instances.
Key Factors Influencing Detection:
Hair Growth Variability: Hair growth averages around 1cm per month, but this can fluctuate between 0.7cm and 1.5cm. Such variations can complicate the timeline estimation for substance use, potentially mixing recently grown, clean hair with older substance-infused hair strands.
Hair Emergence Period: Typically, it takes about 8-14 days for newly formed hair to grow above the scalp and be available for collection when cutting hair.
Dormancy in Hair Growth:A significant portion of hair, around 15%-20%, may enter a dormant phase, halting growth prior to falling out. This dormancy can lead hair containing drug from an earlier time period blending in with newly formed and growing hair, particularly if the sample is taken from areas with a high concentration of dormant hair, like body hair.
Sensitivity of Testing Methods:
Screening methods such as immunoassay (IA) offer a rapid, albeit limited, screening that might overlook low-levels of drug. Immunoassay is susceptible to false negatives and false positives. LCMS (Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry), is recognised as the gold standard of hair testing for its comprehensive detection capabilities and high sensitivity, providing more conclusive results. Any testing that utilises IA technology should confirm the presence of a drug by mass-spectrometry.
Impact of Hair Colour:
The melanin in darker hair can bind more readily to some drugs than in lighter hair, slightly influencing the sensitivity of detection based on hair colour. Chemical treatments (e.g. dye or bleaching) or thermal treatments may reduce drug concentrations.
Practical Considerations: Opting for a 3cm hair test via LCMS after 4 months of abstinence may not guarantee a negative result, particularly for habitual users. The chosen hair segment typically reflects the last 3 months of growth, but factors like growth rate variability and the 8-14 day period for subcutaneous hair emergence can alter this timeframe.
Laboratory Selection: Our laboratory utilises LCMS technology with specified cut-off levels to ensure the utmost precision. It’s advisable to evaluate different laboratories based on their testing methodologies (IA vs. LCMS) and cut-off concentrations, as higher cut-off concentrations may lead to negative results despite the presence of substances, a critical consideration in legal contexts.
In essence, the detection of substances in hair samples post-abstinence is influenced by a myriad of factors. An informed approach to test selection, an understanding of hair growth dynamics, and the physical attributes of hair are paramount in accurately interpreting test outcomes.
Precision In Hair Drug Testing: Gold Standard LCMS Technology
At our facility, we exclusively employ the internationally acclaimed gold standard for hair drug testing: Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS).
Understanding the distinction between the two prevalent types of hair drug tests is crucial, as it can significantly impact the outcomes relevant to your case.
The rapid enzyme-based test (immunoassay) is adept at identifying chronic users but is limited to a narrow spectrum of drugs (typically 5-12). In contrast, the more sophisticated mass spectrometry approach not only detects occasional or social drug users but also analyses over 70 different drug types, encompassing both illicit substances and prescription medications, in a single assessment.
By adhering to NATA-approved forensic laboratory testing protocols, which utilise mass spectrometry, we ensure a comprehensive and accurate representation of an individual’s drug intake history.
This method greatly reduces the risk of false negatives or positives, providing exoneration for the wrongly accused, identifying potential overprescription, and challenging the claims of irregular users.
Our commitment to precision and reliability in drug testing underscores our dedication to delivering conclusive and fair results.
Precision in Hair Analysis:
The laboratory advocates for segmental testing every 3cm of hair to maintain high accuracy levels. This method ensures that periods without drug activity don’t dilute the detection of active drug periods.
Testing larger segments could distort the actual concentrations, which is why a meticulous 3cm interval testing is adhered to.
For pinpoint accuracy, focus on the timeframe around your specific date of interest, extending roughly 2-3 weeks before and after.
It’s important to note that most forensic experts advise against analysing hair segments representing more than 6 months (or over 6cm of growth). This is due to the variability in hair growth rates and dormancy stages among individual follicles, which can lead to discrepancies over longer periods.
While requests to examine hair beyond the 6-month mark can be made, the decision to proceed rests with the forensic team. They weigh the potential for significant timeline inaccuracies, which could have legal implications.
The key takeaway is that the longer the hair segment tested, the greater the possibility for time-related variances.
Special Considerations for EtG (Alcohol) Testing:
It’s crucial to recognise the unique aspects of Ethyl Glucuronide (EtG) testing for alcohol consumption.
The Society of Hair Testing (SOHT) has set international guidelines suggesting the most reliable EtG test results come from analysing hair lengths between 3 to 6 cm.
This standard differs markedly from the testing protocols for Drugs of Abuse (DOA) or steroids, where the emphasis isn’t placed on this specific length range as you can test shorter periods such as 1 or 2 months (1-2 cm of growth) retrospectively.
The distinction is particularly significant because testing EtG in hair shorter than 3 cm might not provide a solid foundation for interpreting results.
The established scientific guidelines and consensus revolve around hair samples within the 3 to 6 cm length, making the interpretation of results from shorter hair lengths more challenging due to the absence of guidelines for these smaller segments.
Thus, while EtG testing on hair samples as short as 1 cm is technically possible, it’s essential to approach the interpretation of such results with caution due to the aforementioned limitations.
This advisory underscores the need for careful consideration when testing hair sections under 3 cm for EtG (alcohol) analysis.
How does your clinic maintain chain of custody?
We are committed to the highest standards of integrity in our hair sample collection and testing process, meticulously maintaining the chain of custody to ensure the reliability and credibility of our results.
Our protocol includes the following steps:
Donor Identification: We initiate the process by authenticating the identity of the hair sample donor using a government-issued photo ID, such as a Driver’s License or Passport, to confirm the authenticity of the hair donor’s identification.
Adherence to Global Standards: Our hair collection methodology is in strict compliance with the guidelines recommended by the Society of Hair Testing (SoHT), ensuring our practices meet international benchmarks.
Sample Security: Following collection, the hair sample is secured with multiple tamper-evident seals, safeguarding the integrity of the sample from collection through to forensic analysis.
Analysis by Accredited Laboratory: The secured hair sample is transported to the forensic laboratory, accredited by the National Association of Testing Authorities, Australia (NATA) and compliant with ISO/IEC 17025 standards. This ensures the lab’s proficiency in delivering precise and trustworthy analytical outcomes.
For those who are not locally based, a General Practitioner, with no personal or familial ties to the hair donor, can be appointed to undertake the hair collection. This collector is supplied with our hair collection kit, complete with detailed instructions to ensure the collection process’s accuracy and integrity.
Additionally, for clients seeking enhanced validation, our forensic team is prepared to furnish a detailed statement outlining the chain of custody and the analytical methods utilised, for a supplementary fee.
This documentation serves to thoroughly authenticate the management and examination of the sample, adding an extra degree of confidence and transparency to the entire testing procedure. It’s important to note that the cost for this extra service is contingent upon the particular demands and intricacy of the requested report.
How is the hair sample collected?
Head Vs. Body Hair: Which should I choose for testing?
The decision to use head or body hair for testing substances like drugs, alcohol, or steroids is crucial due to their differing growth characteristics, which directly influence result analysis.
Head Hair Analysis: Head hair is the gold standard for substance testing, growing at a steady rate of approximately 1cm per month.
This uniform growth rate enables forensic toxicologists to estimate substance use timelines with greater precision from the hair sample’s length.
Typically, a 3cm segment of head hair can reflect up to three months of substance use retrospectively.
Body Hair Considerations: Body hair analysis introduces greater complexity. Although it may seem to grow at the same rate as head hair, body hair has a significantly larger proportion of dormant (telogen phase) hairs, which can stay inactive for up to three months before shedding.
As a result, a single centimeter of body hair might indicate up to four months of exposure to substances, considering 1 month of active growth plus 3 months of dormancy.
Timelines from body hair are thus estimated by measuring the average length and adding three months to account for the potential dormancy period.
Given these intricacies, head hair is the preferred sample for substance testing, especially in legal scenarios, due to its ability to provide more straightforward and accurate timelines.
Consulting with legal counsel before opting for body hair testing is advised, as the sample site choice could greatly impact result interpretation, and testing fees are non-refundable.
Preferred Sample Collection:
- Head Hair: The preferred source due to its consistent growth, offering clearer insights into the timing of drug/alcohol/steroid use.
- Body and Facial Hair (e.g., Underarm, Beard, Pubic Hair): Considered when head hair is unavailable, requiring about 2 full tablespoons for sufficient testing material.
In conclusion, while both head and body hair can serve as testing samples, head hair’s reliable growth rate makes it the superior choice for accurately determining substance use timelines, particularly relevant in legal contexts.
What will my result page report cover?
What factors influence levels detected?
Detectability of Infrequent Drug Use: The question of whether sporadic drug use will register in a hair test is complex. Generally, for a single or occasional use under “normal” dosing conditions, detection is less probable due to the “dilution” effect over a standard three-month test period. However, the likelihood of detection increases with the intensity and frequency of use. Remarkably, in instances like drug-facilitated sexual assault, even a one-time use can be identified, highlighting the test’s sensitivity.
Guaranteeing Detection of Single Exposures: While our testing can identify single exposures, a definitive positive result cannot be assured for every case. The nuanced nature of hair testing underscores the importance of understanding these limitations.
Impact of Chemical Hair Treatments: Treatments such as bleaching or dyeing can influence drug detectability in hair. The impact varies depending on the drug, the type of chemical treatment, and its intensity. Our experience shows that even extensively treated hair can often yield positive results, attesting to the robustness of our testing protocols.
Effect of Hair Age on Results: Testing hair segments representing more than 6 months can lead to diluted drug concentration readings. To mitigate this, we analyse such growth in two 3cm segments, ensuring a more accurate representation of drug use.
Adjusting for Hair Growth Timing: Accounting for the time hair takes to emerge above the scalp, we recommend extending the testing period by 2 weeks around the suspected drug use timeframe to enhance result accuracy.
Influence of Hair Colour: Darker hair, due to its higher melanin content, may bind more drug metabolites, potentially showing elevated detection levels compared to lighter natural hair shades.
Hair Drug Testing Techniques Explained: The landscape of hair drug testing is marked by distinct methodologies, each with its own set of capabilities and limitations. The enzyme-based immunoassay, known for its rapid and cost-effective analysis, is tailored primarily for identifying consistent drug users, with a focus on a limited range of 5 to 9 substances. However, this method’s notable drawback lies in its susceptibility to inaccuracies, such as false positives and negatives, which can significantly distort the true picture of an individual’s drug use history.
In response to these limitations, our clinic has made a decisive move towards the superior accuracy and expansive scope of mass spectrometry. This method stands out for its ability to detect a wide spectrum of over 70 substances, encompassing both illegal drugs and prescription medications. With its remarkable sensitivity—down to 1 pg/mg—mass spectrometry redefines the standards of precision in drug detection, ensuring even the most sporadic drug use does not go unnoticed.
Our exclusive commitment to mass spectrometry stems from a profound understanding of its benefits over immunoassays. By moving beyond methods that predominantly capture long-term drug use and are prone to error, we guarantee our clients a level of reliability and depth in analysis that is unparalleled.
This strategic choice is not just about superior technology; it reflects our deep commitment to providing the most thorough and accurate drug use analysis available. Our approach not only enhances the quality of our services but also instills a sense of confidence and clarity in our clients, which is especially crucial in contexts requiring indisputable accuracy, such as judicial proceedings.
Opting for NATA-Approved Forensic Analysis: By conducting our mass spectrometry analyses under the rigorous NATA-approved forensic standards, we ensure an exhaustive evaluation of drug consumption patterns. This meticulousness is key in scenarios where the stakes are high—whether it’s exonerating an individual wrongfully accused, identifying instances of prescription drug misuse, or detecting occasional drug use. It’s this level of precision that upholds the integrity and reliability of our test results, making hair drug testing a trusted cornerstone in forensic analysis.
Choosing a laboratory that aligns with these high standards is essential for circumventing the pitfalls of false results, thereby maintaining the credibility and essential role of hair drug testing in both forensic science and broader drug detection efforts.
Can the testing distinguish from prescribed meds?
I don't live local, can I have a hair collection kit sent?
We provide the option of dispatching our hair collection kit directly to your General Practitioner (GP), who will then act as the official hair collector.
This service is designed for convenience but is contingent upon the GP not having a personal relationship with the hair donor, such as being a friend or family member.
While opting for this service eliminates the need for clients to travel to our Melbourne clinic, we caution that there may be potential drawbacks.
These include possible inaccuracies in hair sample collection and additional costs associated with kit acquisition and GP consultation fees. Therefore, we recommend visiting our clinic directly whenever possible.
To order a hair collection kit Click Here
Can I select what substances I want tested?
Comprehensive Analysis, No Exceptions: At our laboratory, we leave no stone unturned. Each category undergoes a thorough analysis, ensuring a complete coverage of the full spectrum of substances.
We don’t allow selective results; what you get is the whole picture, every time. For an in-depth look at all the substances we test for in our analysis, please Click Here.
is there any free testing?
Due to the significant expenses incurred by our forensic team and lab operations, we are unable to provide free testing.
However, you may be eligible for support from entities such as Legal Aid or the Department of Families, Fairness & Housing (DFFH), which could potentially cover the costs of your testing. We encourage you to reach out to these organisations directly to explore your options.
Can I cheat detection?
How does hair testing compare with urine and saliva testing?
Can I send a random hair sample anonymously or test my child?
While we recognise that some individuals may prefer anonymous testing for personal reasons, it’s important to note that our facility does not accept hair samples from unidentified sources. This policy safeguards the legal and privacy rights of individuals, preventing unauthorised collection and testing of hair or DNA samples without the knowledge or consent of the person being tested.
The implications of such unauthorised testing could have significant legal and privacy ramifications.
For those seeking anonymity, we offer a solution where your hair sample is identified by a number rather than your name, ensuring your results remain confidential and are disclosed only to you. We uphold strict privacy standards, and without your explicit written consent or a legal mandate, your results will not be shared with third parties.
You have the option to visit our clinic for hair sample collection or, if preferred, we can dispatch a hair collection kit to a trusted healthcare professional, such as your GP, who can then collect the hair sample on our behalf. This ensures adherence to our stringent identification and collection protocols.
While third-party collection is an option, we recommend visiting our clinic directly for a smoother process.
At your appointment, you’ll need to provide a valid form of identification, like a driver’s license or passport. The collection process, including documentation and sample sealing, typically takes about 20 minutes. Payment is required at the time of service, as the lab will not process samples without it. Expect your results via email within 5-7 working days, excluding weekends and public holidays.
Our collection protocols are consistent across all testing scenarios, ensuring that should you decide to use your results for legal purposes later, the integrity of the chain of custody and the legal validity of the reports are maintained.
Key Policies and Procedures:
Strict Mail-in Policy: We do not accept unsolicited hair samples by mail to maintain the integrity of our testing process and ethical standards.
Identification and Consent: Testing requires valid identification and the explicit consent of the individual being tested, protecting personal rights and preventing unauthorised submissions.
Verification at Collection: We confirm the hair donor’s identity and competence at the time of collection, requiring the presence of a legal guardian for minors and adhering to custodial rights.
Chain-of-Custody Integrity: Our strict adherence to chain-of-custody ensures that only properly collected and consented samples are tested, preserving the legal admissibility of the results.
These measures are in place to ensure the highest standards of accuracy, privacy, and ethical testing practices.
I've tested positive & need help
Receiving a positive hair drug test result can lead to significant concerns, especially if it has implications for legal matters or personal circumstances.
If you’re facing a positive hair drug test result or dealing with legal issues such as traffic drug offences, Dr. Michael Robertson, a forensic expert on our team, offers his comprehensive expertise. While our clinic focuses on hair drug testing, Dr. Robertson’s skills extend to a variety of forensic analyses, including the interpretation of urine, blood, and saliva tests, being particularly relevant in DUI cases.
Dr. Robertson’s expertise encompasses not only drug testing across different matrices but also poison analysis, providing a broad base of knowledge for cases requiring intricate forensic interpretation. This makes him an invaluable resource for those needing expert testimony or detailed explanations of forensic results, whether for personal understanding or legal proceedings.
For those interested in engaging Dr. Robertson for forensic services, we offer detailed information about his wide-ranging expertise. Click Here to learn how Dr. Robertson can assist you with the forensic analysis needs of your specific situation, ensuring expert guidance and testimony when it’s most needed.
What are the benefits for an employer introducing hair drug & alcohol testing?
FAQ's Specific to Alcohol Testing
What is the minimum hair length for reliable detection of alcohol consumption?
How is alcohol tested in hair?
To detect alcohol consumption through hair testing, we measure ethyl glucuronide (EtG), a direct metabolite of ethanol, rather than alcohol itself.
EtG in hair serves as a reliable indicator of alcohol intake and is a widely recognised method in the field. EtG integrates into the hair through diffusion from the bloodstream and from sweat, embedding itself along the entire length of the hair shaft.
The interpretation of EtG levels in head hair is as follows:
- A concentration of 30 picograms per milligram (pg/mg) or higher typically indicates chronic excessive drinking.
- Conversely, a concentration of 5 pg/mg or lower is generally consistent with abstinence.
To summarise the EtG level interpretations:
- Levels below 5 pg/mg suggest abstinence from alcohol.
- Levels between 5 to 29 pg/mg imply repeated alcohol consumption.
- Levels of 30 pg/mg or above strongly suggest chronic excessive alcohol consumption.
The standard practice involves testing a 3cm segment of head hair, which provides a retrospective insight into alcohol consumption over the preceding three months. It’s important to note that the actual timeframe may vary slightly due to individual differences in hair growth rates. The cost of testing is typically based on each 3cm segment of hair analysed.
I've tested positive for alcohol. What do my results mean?
Can a binge drinker be differentiated from a regular drinker?
The test does not differentiate between “binge” drinking patterns and consistent excessive alcohol consumption.
It provides an average indication of alcohol intake over the duration being tested, typically a 3 to 6-month period.
The presence of alcohol markers like EtG (ethyl glucuronide) in hair only reveals the cumulative levels detected, without specifying the frequency of alcohol deposition into the hair matrix.
Therefore, the levels found in a person who engages in frequent binge drinking could be comparable to those of an individual who consistently consumes alcohol.
While the test can quantify the amount of alcohol markers present in the hair over a selected time frame, it cannot detail the regularity of alcohol consumption. The standard testing window is usually a retrospective look at the past 3 months.
Can hair alcohol testing identify the occasional social drinker?
Will one night of drinking show a positive result?
Can EtG levels detected in hair determine the exact amount of alcohol drinks in a particular period of time?
Can Hair Products Trigger a Positive Result in Alcohol Consumption Tests?
Can Liver Diseases Affect Alcohol detection levels?
EtG is a metabolite of alcohol, indicating the body’s processing of ingested ethanol, and its presence in hair is typically seen as a marker of alcohol consumption.
However, liver diseases could potentially impact the metabolism of alcohol and, by extension, might influence the formation and detection levels of EtG.
Most studies on EtG focus on its reliability as a marker for alcohol consumption rather than the impact of liver conditions on its levels. Therefore, while it’s known that liver diseases can alter ethanol metabolism, the direct effect of these diseases on hair EtG levels isn’t clearly established in the literature and could vary based on individual metabolic responses and disease severity.
For accurate interpretation, particularly in legal or medical contexts, it’s advisable to consult directly with a forensic toxicologist who can provide insights tailored to specific circumstances, including any potential effects of liver disease on EtG levels.
Below is a list of specific liver conditions that could potentially affect how alcohol is processed:
Alcoholic Liver Disease: This encompasses a spectrum of conditions including fatty liver (steatosis), alcoholic hepatitis, and cirrhosis, all caused by excessive alcohol consumption. Alcoholic liver disease can severely impair liver function, impacting alcohol metabolism.
Cirrhosis: Cirrhosis is the scarring of the liver tissue, often caused by long-term exposure to toxins including alcohol and viral infections. As the scar tissue replaces healthy liver tissue, the liver’s ability to function properly is diminished, including its capacity to metabolise alcohol efficiently.
Fibrosis of the Liver: This is the initial stage of liver scarring that can eventually lead to cirrhosis. While fibrosis does not always exhibit symptoms, it can still affect liver function including the processing of alcohol.
Hepatitis: This inflammation of the liver can be caused by viruses, alcohol, drugs, or autoimmune diseases. Chronic hepatitis, especially from viral infections like hepatitis B or C, can lead to liver dysfunction and slow the metabolism of alcohol.
In these conditions, the liver’s reduced capacity to process toxins effectively, including alcohol, can lead to longer durations of alcohol staying in the bloodstream, potentially affecting the production and detection of EtG.
Why doesn't the hair alcohol test include FAEE alcohol markers?
The Society of Hair Testing (SoHT) no longer includes Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters (FAEEs) in their Consensus on Alcohol Markers as of the 2019 revision.
This decision followed the earlier removal of FAEEs from their proficiency testing program, attributed to the “lack of uniformity surrounding the analysis and interpretation of FAEE results.” The inconsistencies in analysing and interpreting FAEE data led to the SoHT’s decision to exclude these markers from their standardised alcohol testing guidelines.
Can CDT be tested in hair?
Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) is typically not tested in hair as it is a blood biomarker.
Testing CDT in hair isn’t feasible because the biomarker is specific to the blood and does not deposit into hair in a way that can be measured reliably.
Hair testing for alcohol consumption primarily utilises a direct ethanol metabolite called ethyl glucuronide (EtG) which integrates into hair and can provide a historical record of alcohol use.
The preference for EtG over CDT in determining chronic alcohol consumption, especially in legal contexts, is based on several factors related to the markers’ sensitivity, specificity, and detection windows.
Detection and Use:
EtG is a direct metabolite of alcohol that integrates into hair and can provide a historical record of alcohol use over several months. This makes EtG highly valuable in legal contexts where establishing a pattern of alcohol consumption is necessary. It is sensitive and specific to alcohol ingestion, able to detect even low levels of consumption and identify relapses.
CDT is a biomarker found in blood (not hair), because it reflects changes in the glycosylation of transferrin due to chronic heavy alcohol use. It is typically measured to indicate recent heavy drinking over a period of up to two to three weeks. CDT levels begin to rise after sustained heavy drinking and typically return to normal within two to three weeks of abstinence.
Sensitivity and Specificity:
EtG is preferred for testing due to its sensitivity and the length of its detection window, which can reveal alcohol intake over several months. It is highly specific to alcohol, making it effective for legal cases.
CDT, detected in blood serum, is less sensitive than EtG, especially for low or moderate alcohol intake. Its reliability can be affected by factors like liver disease, genetic variations, and the individual’s iron status, which can lead to false positives.
Practical Considerations:
EtG in hair testing is favoured because it can monitor alcohol consumption over an extended period, crucial for assessments in legal scenarios.
CDT normalises more quickly than EtG, making it less useful for determining long-term alcohol consumption patterns. Its use remains confined to blood tests where it serves as an indicator of recent heavy alcohol use.
In summary, EtG is generally preferred over CDT for alcohol testing in legal contexts because of its greater sensitivity, specific detection of alcohol, and the ability to monitor alcohol consumption over an extended period. This makes EtG a more effective tool for use in court, whereas CDT’s use remains confined to blood tests where it serves to indicate recent heavy alcohol use for a limited time.
Can a baby be tested for alcohol ingestion via breast milk?
FAQ's Specific to Steroid Testing
Highest Steroid Detection Capacity
Can a single dose of steroids be detected?
I stopped steroids months ago yet I still tested positive, why?
The duration for which steroids can be detected in the body is influenced by a myriad of factors, making steroid detection a notably intricate matter compared to many other drug substances. Here are the key elements that impact steroid detectability:
- Type of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS): The metabolism rates of AAS drugs vary widely; some are processed and leave the body within days, whereas others can linger for months, depending on their metabolic breakdown ease.
- Designer vs. Standard Steroids: Some athletes may choose designer AAS, engineered to evade detection more effectively. In certain instances, these may be completely undetectable, making the concept of a detection window void.
- Detection Methods: The detectability of specific steroid compounds differs significantly across various drug test modalities. While some steroids can be identified across all common testing platforms, others may only be detectable through particular methods, like hair testsing thus influencing the potential detection timeframe.
- Dosage and Duration of Use: The amount and length of steroid use significantly affect the concentration of AAS in the body, thereby influencing the detectability in tests.
- Mode of Administration: The body metabolises and excretes oral steroids faster than injectable forms, which means the detectability window varies with the administration route.
- Fat Solubility: AAS drugs are lipophilic, tending to accumulate in the body’s fat reserves. This attribute allows the fat to harbour metabolites for protracted periods, with certain steroids like Deca Durabolin detectable for over a year due to their affinity for fat storage.
Navigating steroid drug tests successfully entails meticulous planning and in-depth research into the substances in question. The layered complexity of these factors heightens the risk of unintentionally failing an essential drug screen.
Understanding testosterone detection in Hair Analysis vs. Urine Testing
What are the side effects to steroid consumption?
Anabolic steroids can lead to a range of side effects, varying in severity:
- Emotional and behavioural changes, including mood swings and heightened aggression.
- Reproductive issues, such as testicular shrinkage and reduced sperm count in men.
- Gynecomastia, or the development of enlarged breast tissue in men.
- Fluid retention, leading to swelling in various parts of the body.
- Fatigue and a general feeling of tiredness.
- Depression, which can range from mild to severe.
- Discomfort or pain during urination.
- Clitoral enlargement in women.
- An increase in red blood cell count, which can have multiple effects on health.
- A decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) or “good” cholesterol.
- Elevated blood pressure, contributing to cardiovascular strain.
- Heightened risk of cardiac events, such as heart attacks.
- Liver issues, including an increased risk of liver disease and liver cancer, as the liver works to detoxify the body.
- Changes in hair growth patterns, including facial hair growth in women and baldness in men.
- Sleep disturbances, including insomnia.
- Reduced libido or sex drive.
- Increased likelihood of osteoporosis, leading to weakened bones.
- Higher chance of tendon ruptures, which can result from compromised tissue strength.
- Skin conditions, such as acne.
- A strong desire or craving for steroids, which can lead to dependency.
FAQ's Specific to Forensic Reporting
Specialised Independent Forensic Expert Reporting
Can I Speak Directly With Your Expert If I Call Without An Appointment?
Can The Report Be Expected To Support My Position?
Can I Arrange A Verbal Consultation Before Committing To A Written Report?
What Is The Required Lead Time To Receive A Written Report?
Comprehensive Written Reports: If you require a detailed written forensic report, the typical completion time is 10-14 business days, subject to the complexities and specific details of your case. For information on our service fees, please Click Here.
Dr. Robertson’s Availability: Dr. Robertson maintains a busy schedule, travelling across Australia to provide expert witness testimony and complete report writing. To facilitate timely delivery, we recommend providing as much advance notice as possible. He strives to deliver reports within the standard timeframe of 10-14 business days and may accommodate urgent requests based on priority.
Submitting Your Requirements: Please include your court date when submitting your requirements to allow us to effectively manage our schedule. This ensures that we can align our timelines with your needs.
Timely Requests: To ensure the timely delivery of your report, it is advisable not to delay your request. Should we be unable to meet your required timeline, we will notify you promptly and will not proceed without your consent.
Can I use your interpretation reports for court?
Understanding pricing: Verbal Expert opinion to detailed reports
Fees for our services vary based on the complexity and nature of the forensic reporting needed. Some cases are relatively straightforward, while others involve intricate analyses that require additional time and expertise.
Opting for a verbal opinion can be a cost-effective choice if you don’t need a written report or if you’re still exploring your options unsure if a written report would be favourable.
For a detailed breakdown of our fees, please Click Here.
Can I email my test results without attending for an appointment?
Can I call the clinic to discuss my results with the forensic toxicologist?
To facilitate a smooth process, we kindly ask you to submit your inquiries through our designated web form. This step is crucial as our reception team cannot assist you without the information provided in the form.
Dr. Michael Robertson, our forensic toxicologist, requires the completed form before engaging in any consultations or preparing written reports. This form should include your contact details, the specific nature of the report you need, any pertinent deadlines, a copy of your results, and confirmation of fee payment.
Dr. Robertson’s schedule, filled with expert forensic witness appearances in courts throughout Australia and the preparation of detailed reports, requires significant time for meticulous planning and review. Consequently, he is unable to take direct calls. For prompt and efficient handling of your request, please use our designated web form.
Our front desk staff will schedule an appointment with Dr. Robertson only after we have received and processed your completed form and confirmation of payment. We assure you that all information and communications are treated with the highest level of confidentiality and will only be disclosed under a court-mandated order, or legally mandated.
I don't need an appointment, I just need to know the general guidelines for interpreting my results.
If you’re seeking a basic overview to identify regular or chronic usage of illicit substances, the following published levels are generally recognised indicators:
- Cannabis (THC & CBD): Levels above 50 pg/mg suggest regular use.
- MDMA (Ecstasy)/MDA: Concentrations over 200 pg/mg are indicative.
- Methamphetamine: A level exceeding 200 pg/mg points to regular use.
- Amphetamine: Similarly, more than 200 pg/mg signals regular consumption.
- Cocaine: Levels above 500 pg/mg denote regular use.
- Ketamine: A concentration greater than 200 pg/mg suggests habitual use.
- Heroin Metabolite (6-Monoacetylmorphine): Over 200 pg/mg indicates regular usage.
- LSD: Any detectable level is noteworthy due to its potency.
For alcohol analysis through EtG levels in hair:
- <5 pg/mg: Consistent with abstinence.
- 5 to 29 pg/mg: Strongly indicates repeated consumption.
- >30 pg/mg: Points to chronic excessive drinking.
Interpretation should be approached with caution, considering factors like metabolism, hair pigmentation, and cosmetic treatments, which can all influence drug/alcohol levels in hair. Treat this as a general reference, not a precise measurement.
Is it possible to review the CV of your forensic expert?
Certainly, you can access the CV of our forensic expert, Dr. Michael Robertson. Please Click Here to view it.
What Are The Fees For Expert Testimony In Court?
The cost of providing expert testimony in court varies depending on the duration required by the court and whether the testimony is delivered in person or via audio-video link.
Typically, court testimony via audio-visual link for up to 2 hours is standard and is the most cost-effective option.
For in-person appearances, fees will include both the time spent in court and any necessary travel expenses.
Once we understand your specific requirements, we can provide a detailed fee schedule. For more information on our fees, please Click Here.
If your questions go beyond our FAQs, feel free to email us. Our expert forensic team is ready to offer in-depth responses to ensure clarity.
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